Prediction of soil deformation beneath temporary airfield matting systems based on full-scale testing

This paper presents results from full-scale evaluations of an aluminum structural mat system with regard to carrying heavy aircraft across graded, but unimproved, soil with California Bearing Ratios (CBRs) of 6, 10, 15, 25, and 100. The objective was to determine relationships among soil deformation rate, the mat’s flexural modulus, the number of applied passes, and the underlying soil’s CBR. Current prevailing performance prediction models for aluminum mat systems are based on full-scale tests using historic aircraft loads over soils having a CBR of 4 that were never validated for soils with higher CBR values. Full-scale test results presented herein demonstrated the inability of current models to accurately predict mat permanent deformation. Strong correlations were found between measured and predicted data across the entire spectrum of soil CBRs. These relationships can be used to noticeably improve the accuracy of performance prediction models. An empirical equation was developed to reasonably predict subgrade deformation for any number of passes and soil CBR for the loading and mat system tested.     

柔性路面的各向异性疲劳损伤数值模型研究

根据柔性路面在交通荷载作用下的力学响应特点,推导了一个各向异性疲劳损伤本构方程,并基于ABAQUS软件及其二次开发平台,建立了考虑各向异性疲劳损伤的路面结构有限元模型。通过建立的模型计算车辆作用下路面结构的疲劳寿命,其结果与试验数据吻合良好,误差最高仅为3.8%,证明该模型精确可靠。最后,分析了疲劳损伤的演化规律,以及路面结构参数对疲劳性能的影响。结果表明,路面纵向疲劳损伤演化速率比横向大得多,随着车辆循环作用,路面结构的各向异性逐渐增强,进而又加剧疲劳损伤的演化。另外,沥青层越厚、土基弹性模量越大,路面疲劳损伤演化得越慢;而当土基较弱、沥青层较薄时,增加级配碎石层厚度可以显著延缓柔性路面的疲劳开裂。     

基于复合材料层合板理论的路面动力响应研究

根据层合板理论,将路面视为Winkler粘弹性地基上宽度为B的无限长厚板,研究了交通荷载下混凝土路面的动力响应,也同时考虑运动荷载速度的影响.运用Fourier级数和Fourier变换技术得到了运动荷载作用下路面动力响应积分形式的解答,并利用数值Fourier逆变换得到运动荷载响应的计算结果,分析了荷载速度对位移和弯矩响应的影响.     

混凝土路面板热屈曲的临界变温分析

混凝土路面板的热屈曲因板的热压应力引起,而混凝土路面板的临界变温可定义为路面板屈曲时的温度与铺设成型时的温度之差．在分析混凝土路面板在温度场作用下热胀屈曲临界变温的基础上．根据板的热屈曲方程,选择混凝土材料的Piosson比作为小参数,得到临界变温的摄动解．结果表明：临界变温正比于混凝土板的抗弯刚度．混凝土材料的Poisson比及板宽与板长之比对板的临界变温无明显影响．并将摄动解与压杆的Euler临界变温相比较,发现两者的差别为O（v^2）．当Poisson比在0．15～0．2范围内变化时,板的临界变温总是大于压杆的Euler临界变温．且两者相差小于5％．因此,采用压杆的Euler临界变温近似计算板的临界变温对于道路设计而言总是较为安全的．     

^1HNMR／IR对道路沥青改质过程研究

采用１ＨＮＭＲ／ＩＲ相结合的手段求得了道路沥青较为准确的结构参数,研究了道路沥青改质过程中结构的变化。结果表明,随着沥青改质过程的进行,沥青的芳香度提高,平均结构单元芳碳原子数、芳环数和总环数有所增加。道路沥青的性质与其结构之间有着必然的联系,石油沥青芳香度的增加可以改善其延度,而烷基侧链的长度影响其针入度。对于不同结构的沥青,应采用不同结构的改质剂进行改质,以制得高质量的道路沥青     

Characterizing the Diffusion and Rheological Properties of Aged Asphalt Binder Rejuvenated with Bio-Oil Based on Molecular Dynamic Simulations and Laboratory Experimentations

Soybean-derived bio-oil is one of the vegetable-based oils that is gaining the most interest for potential use in the rejuvenation of aged asphalt binders. This laboratory study was conducted to characterize and quantify the diffusion and rheological properties of bio-oil-rejuvenated aged asphalt binder (BRAA) using soybean oil. In the study, the chemical structure of the soybean oil was comparatively characterized using an element analyzer (EA), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and a Fourier infrared (FTIR) spectrometer, respectively. Based on the chemical structure of the bio-oil, BRAA molecular models were built for computing the diffusion parameters using molecular dynamic simulations. Likewise, a dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) test device was used for measuring and quantifying the rheological properties of the aged asphalt binder rejuvenated with 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, and 5% soybean oil, respectively. The laboratory test results indicate that bio-oil could potentially improve the diffusion coefficients and phase angle of the aged asphalt binder. Similarly, the corresponding decrease in the complex shear modulus has a positive effect on the low-temperature properties of BRAA. For a bio-oil dosage 4.0%, the diffusion coefficients of the BRAA components are 1.52 × 10⁻⁸, 1.33 × 10⁻⁸, 3.47 × 10⁻⁸, 4.82 × 10⁻⁸ and 3.92 × 10⁻⁸, respectively. Similarly, the corresponding reduction in the complex shear modulus from 1.27 × 10⁷ Pa to 4.0 × 10⁵ Pa suggests an improvement in the low-temperature properties of BRAA. Overall, the study contributes to the literature on the potential use of soybean-derived bio-oil as a rejuvenator of aged asphalt binders.     

Potassium Natural Asphalt Sulfonate (K-NAS): Synthesis and characterization as a new recyclable solid basic nanocatalyst and its application in the formation of carbon–carbon bonds

In this research, we synthesized and characterized a new heterogeneous basic nanocatalyst and its catalytic application was studied in the Claisen-Schmidt and Knoevenagel condensations. In order to prepare this nanocatalyst, first, the Iranian natural asphalt was sulfonated with the concentrated sulfuric acid and then, converted to the potassium natural asphalt sulfonate (K-NAS). In order to characterization of the nanocatalyst, used of FT-IR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), inductively coupled plasma (ICP) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) techniques. This new basic heterogeneous nanocatalyst have advantages such as being eco-friendly, huge specific surface area, high reactivity and recyclability .     

弹性地基双层梁理论下的混凝土路面力学分析

为建立混凝土路面结构受力分析计算模型,以Winkler弹性地基梁模型为基础,推导出了弹性地基双层梁理论的表达式;给定边界条件,利用MATLAB软件获得了无限长弹性地基梁在集中力作用下的挠度表达式。将混凝土路面结构简化为弹性地基上的双层梁,当车辆荷载作用于混凝土路面时,在集中载荷的作用下,建立了面层与基层的微分平衡方程。应用广义“初参数”法,得到了双层梁位移和应力的解析解。通过算例,对面层及基层的变形和应力进行了分析,结果表明:增大面层、基层的轴惯性矩和地基的弹性常数,可以有效地减少面层和基层的变形量,降低最大应力数值,但抗弯刚度对基层和面层的弯矩受力影响不大。最后将结果与ANSYS分析结果进行了比较,佐证了解的可靠性,研究结果可为混凝土路面结构设计提供依据。     

陶粒-普通混凝土双层组合路面层间应力及弯沉分析

为研究陶粒-普通混凝土双层组合路面的层间应力及弯沉, 首先进行Z型组合试件的粘结性能试验, 并利用ANSYS软件建立陶粒-普通混凝土双层组合路面模型, 分析车辆在匀速和制动工况下组合路面的层间应力及弯沉分布; 还进一步研究了增设Z型钢筋网对组合路面层间粘结性能的加强作用. 结果表明: 陶粒-普通混凝土双层组合路面具有较理想的层间粘结性能和较小的变形; 增设Z型钢筋网可进一步减小层间应力和变形, 加强整体粘结性能.     

路面结构模量反算的遗传-模拟退火混合算法

路面结构层模量反算是路面结构无损检测与评价的基础。本文针对遗传算法和模拟退火算法各自的特点，在传统遗传算法的搜索过程中引入模拟退火算法的Metropolis接受准则，以增强算法的全局搜索能力。在此基础上，将遗传-模拟退火混合算法应用于路面结构层材料模量的反算分析。文中分别对理论数据和实测数据进行了计算，并与目前国内外已有的路面反算软件的分析结果进行了分析比较。数值结果表明，该方法具有较强的全局收敛性，数值结果稳定可靠。